Mafia Billiard Tricks. Face off against a mafia boss after each challenge in this 8 ball pool game. Beat all 8 bosses to complete the game! From a street rookie to a mafia lord - here's your chance! Clay Pigeon: Tap and Shoot. Flappy Foot Chinko. See also: Top 100 Maxims/Sayings/Quotes Top 100 Myths. Most of the secrets of pool are revealed in the Video Encyclopedia of Pool Shots (VEPS).Specifically, all of the VEPS “gems” are useful and important to know to be a good player. In Filler, your goal is simple: fill 2/3 of the level. To create a filler ball, press down. It will grow until you release the mouse button, it hits another filler ball, or a bouncing ball runs into it.
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Learn About Pool Games
What Are Billiards?
Billiard games, or cue sports, are games that are played on a cloth-covered table. The object of these games usually involves knocking a variety of items around, such as balls and disks, using specially-made cue sticks. The size and dimensions of the table, the equipment used, and the rules employed all vary depending on what gaming subset they are designed for. There are three major types of cue sports: carom billiards, snooker and pool.
Caramboloe - Carom billiards, otherwise known as carambole, is played on a ten-foot long table that lacks pockets. Only three balls are used: two cue balls, one for each player, and one object ball. Carom billiards was fairly popular from way back to the 17th century, but as pocketed games grew in prominence, they have since fallen by the wayside. Today, they are nowhere nearly as commonplace as the other two subsets.
Snooker - Snooker is played on a pocketed table that can reach up to 12 feet in length. The game is played using 22 balls in total, including one white cue ball, 15 red balls, and six other balls of assorted colors. Of the three subsets, it has the most diverse set of equipment to be used alongside the cue stick. These tools include the rest, hook-rest, spider, swan, extended rest and extended spider. These are used to assist the player’s angling and eyeballing of the cue, which is very important when considering how snooker is played on a much larger surface than the other games. Snooker may not be well-known in the United States, but it is very popular in Europe and especially Great Britain, where it originated.
Pool - Finally, pool is typically played on a smaller, six-pocket table that can measure between seven to ten feet long. There are 16 balls involved, including one blank white cue ball and 15 objects, all of which are labeled by number and marked with different colorations. The only tool employed by all players is a single cue stick.
Cue Sports Variations
Straight Pool – As the name implies, this is the simplest version of pool out there. Unlike many rule sets, there is no set order of balls the players are required to hit and/or pocket; any ball can be sunk at any time. The object of the game is to score points, with one point awarded for every successfully pocketed ball. How many points are required to win varies, but it typically goes up to 150 in professional matches. For that reason, the balls are racked multiple times over the course of the game, usually whenever only one object ball remains on the table
Eight-ball – Although this is not the simplest variation of pool out there, it is by far the most popular. The game begins with both players selecting one of two groups of balls. How these groups are designated varies depending on how the balls are designed, but the most common are “solids and stripes.” The former are balls that are fully one color, while the latter are primarily white with a colored stripe running across the circumference. After that, both players take turns knocking balls of their designated group into the pockets. Penalties are inflicted should a player ever hit his opponent’s balls with the cue. Whichever player pockets all of his balls first must then sink the 8-ball to win. However, if a player pockets the 8-ball before getting rid of his other balls, he automatically loses.
Nine-ball - The object of this game is to sink the titular 9-ball. However, all players involved are required to hit the lowest numerical object on the table with the cue ball every turn, starting from the 1-ball, then the 2-ball, and so on. To that end, neither can target the 9-ball until the first eight have been pocketed. Should the 9-ball sink by chance before then, then the player who accomplished that wins the game. Since only nine balls are utilized in this game, a diamond-shaped rack designed to hold that many is used in place of the usual 15-ball triangular one.
Ten-ball – The rules of this game are largely similar to nine-ball, barring a few exceptions. The most obvious is that it uses ten balls, but more than that, the player is required to call both the ball he intends the sink and the pocket he intends to use every turn. Whoever sinks the 10-ball first wins.
One Pocket – This game is similar to straight pool in that scoring a set number of points by pocketing balls is the key to winning. The difference lies in the name; players only earn points by sending balls into specific pockets on the table. Usually, one player chooses which foot-corner pocket he’ll use, while the other player claims the one directly opposite of it.
Bank Pool – Just like in straight pool, the object of this game is to score points by sinking balls. Where it diverges is that points can only be scored by “banking” shots. This is done by hitting a designated object ball with the cue ball, and bouncing it off of least one of the table’s cushioned rails before putting it into a pocket. Getting the hang of bank shots requires lots of practice, so this game is recommended for experienced pool players.
Snooker – The object of snooker is to score more points than the opposition while potting balls in a specific order. Every ball is worth a different amount of points, with reds worth one apiece, while the yellow is worth two, green is worth three, brown earns four, blue gets five, and black scores seven. A player cannot attempt to pocket any of the colored balls until he successfully pockets a red one. If a player succeeds in potting a colored ball, he receives the appropriate amount of points, the ball gets returned to its original position on the table, and the player get to take another shot. His turn ends once he fails to pot a ball. When no more red balls remain on the table, both players can start to directly target the colored ones, which no longer get replaced. The game ends when no objects remain on the table.
The History of Billiards
Cue sports are believed to have evolved from outdoor games that involved hitting balls with stick-like instruments, such as golf and croquet. The equipment of early billiard games reflected this, with wicket-like hoops placed on the table of which balls had to be hit through using club-like cues called maces. These maces were not used to strike the balls, but to gently push them along on the table. Rails, or “banks” as they were called, were originally built along the edge of the tables to keep anything from rolling off, but they developed a few unintended side effects. For one thing, whenever a ball found itself situated too close to a bank, many players found it advantageous to hit it using the butt end of their mace. Another was how players would sometimes intentionally bounce balls off of the bank in order to make more tricky shots. These would lay the groundwork for future developments in billiards.
The earliest known billiard table in recorded history belonged to King Louis XI, who reigned in France from 1461 to 1483. The Duke of Norfolk was said to own such a table himself in 1588, and legend has it that the head of Mary, Queen of Scots, was wrapped in the cloth of her own billiard table when she was executed in 1587. Louis XIV in particular was known to enjoy the games, with billiards spreading in popularity among the French aristocracy while he ruled from 1643 to 1715. Eventually, the games were known throughout all of Europe and became a popular pastime among people in the middle class.
As the 19th century rolled around, so did advances in technology and industrialization, and billiard games benefited from both. The mace had all but disappeared in favor of the cue stick, which by 1823, now had the leather tip we are all familiar with today. Chalk was more frequently applied to the cue in order to aid in its striking capabilities. After rubber vulcanization came about in 1839, more tables had rubberized cushions built into them to improve their bounciness. Wickets either disappeared from the tables completely, or were replaced by pockets that were cut into the newly-designed banks.
At this point in time, the most popular cue sport in Britain was English Billiards. It was played on a six-pocket table with two cue balls and one object ball. The object of the game was that both players would take turns attempting to pot both the object ball and their opponent’s cue ball. This game formed the basis for what would eventually become snooker.
Meanwhile, the United States’ game of choice was American Four-Ball Billiards. It was similar to English Billiards in that both people played the game trying to pocket each others’ cue balls alongside the object balls. Where it differed was that it was played on a four-pocket table with four balls. By the 1870s, Four-Ball began to fall out of favor as popularity began to pick up for a new game known as American Fifteen-Ball Pool. This game marked the starting point for what would eventually become modern-day pool.
From the late 1800s to the mid-1900s, billiards grew in popularity. Pool halls were a common sight in cities for friends to get together. Tournaments were held as early as the American Civil War, and soldiers going on tour in the European theater of WWII would even play the games when they had the chance.
However, after the Second World War ended, popularity in pool began to dry up in the States, rapidly going the way of the dodo as the ‘50s plodded along. Fortunately, 1961 brought with it renewed public interest to billiards in the form of the critically acclaimed film, The Hustler, which starred Paul Newman as a small-time pool hustler and his rivalry against a champion. Pool halls briefly reopened and thrived throughout the ‘60s before falling out of favor again as the Vietnam War took off. They didn’t pick up until 1986, when The Color of Money came out as a sequel to The Hustler.
Since then, billiard games have remained popular all over the world. Pool tables can frequently be found in bars, and pool halls are open for business. World championships held for pool and snooker are televised live to fans everywhere. Finally, though there are a wide variety of tables available for private use, many people find it easier and much more economical to play simulated electronic versions on their television and computer screens. Developments in technology over the years have allowed these games to become more and more true to life.
Pool Games on the Computer
Pool may be a simple game that doesn’t require fancy graphics, but that doesn’t mean it translates easily to an electronic format. Two things are important in a pool video game: physics and perspective.
Proper physics are important in electronics billiards because they’re important in real life billiards. Learning how to properly bounce balls off of the banks and each other is vital to mastering the game. In order to pull off trickier shots, a player has to learn how to do all sorts of things, including gauging the weight of a ball, exerting the correct amount of force on it at the right angle, and estimating its trajectory after colliding with something. Programming a detailed and accurate physics engine that emulates real-life movements allows a gamer to perform these very feats, preserving the inherent strategy of billiards.
As for perspective, that serves two functions. One, it simply makes things more immersive for the player, and two, it provides the other half of strategy in pool: aiming and angling. Things like speed, direction, distance, momentum, and spin of a struck cue ball are all heavily determined both by the location and angle at which it was struck. .
Early electronic billiard games that came out in the ‘80s and early ‘90s always had mixed results in terms of physics. Titles such as Trick Shot and Alex Higgins’ World Snooker, which were released in 1982 and 1985 respectively, had pretty rudimentary physics engines, but they did show a slow but steady improvement over time. This culminated in 1994 with games like Arcade Pool, which boasted more realistic physics than ever before.
Sadly, in terms of perspective, all billiard computer games invariably failed. Technology was too limited to be able to give the player a more realistic view of the table, so all of them stuck to a bird’s-eye view. They were perfectly playable, but things like locational aiming and vertical angling of the cue stick were just not possible during these years. As fun and critically-acclaimed as these early editions of electronic pool were, they were considered a separate beast entirely. Few people truly considered them to be worthy substitutes for the real thing.
Fortunately, with the advent of three-dimensional graphics in the mid-1990s, the state of billiard games began to improve by leaps and bounds. As early as 1995, billiard games that boasted polygonal visuals began to appear. One of the most notable was Virtual Pool, developed by Celeris and published by Interplay for Windows, Macs, and the Playstation. It featured four different games to play, multiple computer opponents, and multiplayer capabilities via hot seat and modem. What was most impressive about it was that it also had a fully rotatable camera that allowed the player to “walk” all around the table as if it were a physical object. Numerous aiming options for the cue stick were implemented as well, including the ability to raise and lower both the tip and butt. The game was deemed to be so lifelike, that Interplay promised a full refund to customers that failed to improve their real-life pool skills within 45 days of purchase.
Virtual Pool would go on to be one of the most successful billiard simulators out there, and the model that most other games in the genre would attempt to follow. It spawned a couple of sequels in 1997 and 2000, each one adding more games to play and progressively better graphics. The series was notable in that the developers took extensive consultation from physicists and professional pool players alike to ensure that every title in the Virtual Pool franchise would be as true-to-life to pool as one could get on a computer. As an added bonus, the third game even allowed the player to face off against an AI version of the Black Widow herself, Jeanette Lee.
Virtual Pool may have been the most influential billiard computer game on the market, but it was not the only one. The year 2000 saw the birth of what would become another long-runner in the form of Blade Interactive Studios’ World Championship Snooker. True to its name, this game allowed the player to partake in the championship, competing against real-life professional snooker players like Mark Williams and Stephen Hedry. It made use of cinematic angles and detailed backgrounds to imitate the televised broadcasts of the actual championship, complete with commentators and full character models for the players, hosts and audience. Since its inception, sequels and iterations to World Championship Snooker would be released for the PC, each reflecting the current year in the world of snooker, adding new opponents to face and stadiums to play.
There haven’t been many notable billiard computer games in recent years. In 2009, Blade Interactive Studios’ franchise was renamed to WSC Real 09: World Snooker Championship. In addition to playing in the big time snooker league, it also let the player take part in the Golden Cue Tournament. Its latest iteration came out two years later in 2011 as WSC Real 11. As it is, the series shows no sign of slowing down. The other big franchise, Virtual Pool, is stated to be far from dead despite a long absence, with the fourth iteration still in development as of 2012.
Clay pigeon shooting, also known as clay target shooting, is a shooting sport involving shooting a firearm at special flying targets known as clay pigeons, or clay targets.
The terminology commonly used by clay shooters often relates to times past, when live-pigeon competitions were held. Although such competitions were made illegal in the United Kingdom in 1921, a target may still be called a 'bird', a hit may be referred to as a 'kill', and a missed target as a 'bird away'; the machine which projects the targets is still known as a 'trap'.
History[edit]
Clay targets began to be used in place of live pigeons around 1875. Asphalt targets were later developed, but the name 'clay targets' stuck. In 1893, the Inanimate Bird Shooting Association was formed in England. It was renamed to the Clay Bird Shooting Association in 1903.[1] It held annual clay-pigeon-shooting contests[1] and lasted until the outbreak of World War I.[2] In 1921, the British parliament passed a bill without opposition making it illegal to shoot birds from traps.[3]
Disciplines[edit]
Clay pigeon shooting has at least 20 different forms of regulated competition called disciplines, although most can be grouped under the main headings of trap, skeet, and sporting.
Sporting clays[edit]
The English Sporting discipline has the sport's biggest following. While the other disciplines only use standard targets, in Sporting almost anything goes. Targets are thrown in a great variety of trajectories, angles, speeds, elevations and distances and the discipline was originally devised to simulate live quarry shooting, hence some of the names commonly used on sporting stands: springing teal, driven pheasant, bolting rabbit, crossing pigeon, dropping duck, etc. Disciplines in this group include English sporting, international (FITASC) sporting, super sporting sportrap, and Compak sporting.
This discipline can have an infinite variety of 'stands'. English sporting is the most popular form of clay shooting in the UK, and a course or competition will feature a given number of stands each of which has a predetermined number of targets, all traveling along the same path and speed, either as singles or doubles.
Each stand will feature a different type of target; e.g., crosser, driven, quartering, etc. International (FITASC) sporting gives a much greater variety of targets in terms of trajectory and speed, and is shot by squads of six competitors in rounds of 25 targets at a time. Super Sporting is a hybrid of the two preceding varieties. There are also other formats such as Compak sporting and sportrap in which five cages are surrounded by a number of traps, and shooters fire a specific combinations or singles from each stand according to a program displayed in front of the cage.
Maze clays shooting[edit]
This is a new shotgun game that offers sporting clays and FITASC target presentations on a skeet/trap or open field. This is possible by using a movable support system that carries the release buttons (wired or wireless setup) from 6 to 9 traps and the dual safety screen in any place on the field. As a result, the shooter can shoot in safe conditions upon target presentations in varying range (10 to 60 yards) and varying angles (sharp to wide).
Trap shooting[edit]
Targets are thrown either as singles or doubles from one or more traps situated some 15 m in front of the shooter, and are generally going away from the firing point at varying speeds, angles and elevations. The most common disciplines in this group are:
- Down-The-Line (DTL) Single Barrel
- Double Rise
- Automatic Ball Trap (ABT)
- Olympic Trap
- Double Trap
- Universal Trench
- Helice (or ZZ)
Down-the-Line[edit]
Also known as DTL, this is a popular trap shooting discipline. Targets are thrown to a distance of 45 to 50 metres at a fixed height of approximately 2.75 m and with a horizontal spread of up to 22 degrees either side of the centre line. Each competitor shoots at a single target in turn, but without moving from the stand until all have shot five targets. Then they all move one place to the right, and continue to do so until they have all completed a standard round of 25 birds. Scoring of each target is 3 points for a first barrel kill, 2 points for a second barrel kill and 0 for a miss (maximum 75 points per round). Variations of this discipline are single barrel, double rise, and handicap-by-distance.
Olympic trap[edit]
As its name indicates, this is one of the disciplines which form part of the shooting programme at the Olympic Games. A trench in front of the shooting stands conceals 15 traps arranged in five groups of three. Shooters take turns to shoot at a target each, before moving in a clockwise direction to the next stand in the line. Targets for each shooter are thrown immediately upon his call and are selected by a shooting scheme (program) that ensures all competitors receive exactly the same target selection, but in an unpredictable randomised order to the extent that there will be one straight, two left and two right targets for each stand from any one of the three traps directly in front of him/her; guessing which one is next is impossible unless the shooter is on his/her last five targets.
Olympic trap targets are set to travel 76 metres (+/-1m) at the top of trench level marker peg, unless the terrain is dead flat, at varying elevations and with a maximum horizontal angle of 45 degrees either side of the centre line (being where the target exits the trench). Scoring is on the basis of one point per target killed, regardless of whether this is achieved with the first or with the second barrel unless it is a final where the top six scorers shoot off as a single barrel event, regardless of local club grades if any.
A simpler and cheaper to install variation of this discipline is known as automatic ball trap (ABT) where only one trap is used and target variation is obtained by the continuous oscillation of the trap in both horizontal and vertical directions in order to give the same spread of targets as in Olympic trap. Similarly, the targets are also thrown to a maximum of 76 metres.
Also known as Bunker Trap, and International Trap
Universal trench[edit]
A variation on the theme of trap shooting, sometimes known as five trap. Five traps are installed in a trench in front of the shooting stands, all set at different angles, elevations and speeds, and upon the call of 'Pull!' by the shooter any one of the five machines, selected at random, will be released.
Horizontal angles can vary from 0 degrees to 45 degrees either side of the centre line and target distance is between 60 and 70 metres. Elevations can vary, as in other trap disciplines (except DTL), between 1.5 and 3.5 metres above ground level.
There are 10 different schemes available.
Skeet shooting[edit]
Skeet is a word of Scandinavian origin, though the discipline originated in America. Targets are thrown in singles and doubles from 2 trap houses situated some 40 metres apart, at opposite ends of a semicircular arc on which there are seven shooting positions. The targets are thrown at set trajectories and speeds. The main disciplines in this group are English skeet, Olympic skeet and American (NSSA) skeet.
In NSSA discipline, targets are released in a combination of singles and doubles, adding up to a total of 25 targets per round, from the High and Low trap houses on a fixed trajectory and speed. Variety is achieved by shooting round the seven stations on the semicircle, followed by an eighth station, located between stations one and seven. Scoring is on the basis of 1 point per target killed, up to a maximum of 25.
In English skeet (by far the most popular of the skeet disciplines), the gun position is optional (i.e., pre-mounted or out-of-shoulder when the target is called) and the targets are released immediately upon the shooter's call.
In Olympic skeet, the targets travel at a considerably faster speed, the release of the target can be delayed up to 3 seconds after calling and the gun-down position is compulsory. There is also an eighth shooting station, midway between the two houses.
NSSA and English version of Skeet have the concept of option targets, where the shooter has to repeat the first missed target. In the situation where the first 24 targets are all hit, the last target is considered the option. Here is a representation of Skeet sequences for all variations.
Electrocibles or helice shooting[edit]
Originating in Belgium during the 1960s, Electrocibles is similar to trap shooting, but the clays are equipped with a helice that will give the clay an erratic and unpredictable flight. The helice is composed of two winged plastic propellers with a white clay in the centre.[4] Now the sport is named helice shooting.[5]
Plastic propellers holding a detachable centre piece are rotated at high speed and released randomly from one of five traps. They fly out in an unpredictable way; so-said buzzing through the air. It is designed specifically to simulate as closely as possible the old sport of live pigeon shooting. Its original name of ZZ comes from the inventor who made them out of zinc, and had previously shot a specific breed of pigeon called a zurito; hence the term the zinc zurito. World and European Championships are held every year organized by FITASC.[6]
Targets[edit]
The targets used for the sport are usually in the shape of an inverted saucer, made from a mixture of pitch and pulverized limestone rock designed to withstand being thrown from traps at very high speeds, but at the same time being easily broken when hit by just a very few lead or steel pellets from a shotgun.
The targets are usually fluorescent orange or black, but other colours such as white, or yellow are frequently used in order that they can be clearly seen against varying backgrounds and/or light conditions.
Targets are made to very exacting specifications with regard to their weight and dimensions and must conform to set international standards.
There are several types of targets that are used for the various disciplines, with a standard 108 mm size being the most common used in American Trap, Skeet, and Sporting Clays while International disciplines of these same games use a slightly larger 110 mm diameter size. Only the standard 108/110 mm target is used in all of the trap and skeet disciplines. Sporting shoots feature the full range of targets (except ZZ) to provide the variety that is a hallmark of the discipline.
All three sports use a shotgun, and in the sporting disciplines are sub-classified by the type of game the clay target represents (pigeon, rabbit, etc.). The two primary methods of projecting clay targets are airborne and ground (rolling).
Naturally, the simplest method of throwing a clay target is by hand, either into the air or along the ground. This method is the simplest, and many 'trick shot' shooters throw their own targets (some able to throw as many as ten birds up and hit each individually before any land). However, a multitude of devices have been developed to throw the birds more easily and with more consistency. A plastic sling-like device is the simplest, though modern shooting ranges will usually have machines that throw the clay targets in consistent arcs at the push of a button.
- Standard
- The most commonly used target of all, must weigh 105 g and be of 110 mm overall diameter and 25–26 mm in height for International competitions and for American competitions they must weigh approximately 100 g (3.5 oz) and be of 108 mm (4.3 in) overall diameter and 28.0–29.0 mm (1.10–1.14 in) in height.
- Midi
- Same saucer shape as the standard but with a diameter of only 90 mm; these targets are faster than the standard types.
- Mini
- This target is sometimes likened to a flying bumblebee at only 60 mm in diameter and 20 mm in height.
- Battue
- A very thin target measuring about 108–110 mm in diameter, it flies very fast and falls off very suddenly simulating a duck landing. They are generally more expensive than other targets.
- Rabbit
- A thicker, but standard 108–110 mm diameter flat target in the shape of a wheel designed to run along the ground.
- ZZ
- This is a plastic, standard sized target attached to the center of a two-blade propeller of different color designed to zigzag in flight in a totally unpredictable manner.
Traps[edit]
Traps are purpose-made, spring-loaded, flywheel or rotational devices especially designed to launch the different types of targets in singles or pairs at distances of up to 100 metres.
These machines vary from the very simple hand-cocked, hand-loaded and hand-released types to the highly sophisticated fully automatic variety, which can hold up to 600 targets in their own magazine and are electrically or pneumatically operated. Target release is by remote control, either by pressing a button or by an acoustic system activated by the shooter's voice.
Target speeds and trajectories can be easily modified and varied to suit the discipline or type of shooting required.
Guns[edit]
Game Pigeon Pool Tricks Games
Clay pigeon shooting is performed with a shotgun. The type of shotgun used is often a matter of taste and affected by local laws as well as the governing body of the sport in competitive cases.
All types of shotguns are suitable for clay pigeon shooting, however the ability to fire multiple shots in quick succession is generally considered important. Some skilled shooters will use a single shot firearm in order to add to the challenge. Traditionally Over and Under and Side by Side shotguns have been popular, however semi-automatic and to a lesser extent pump-action have been making gains, particularly as the cost of reliable, accurate semi-automatics has come down over the last decade.
- Over And Under
- (sometimes shortened to OAU or O/U) As its name indicates this gun has two barrels aligned horizontally and stacked vertically. There is usually one trigger however some models have two. Within this type there are three sub-groups of specification: trap, skeet, and sporting. Trap guns are generally heavier and longer barreled (normally 30 or 32 in or 0.76 or 0.81 m) with tight choking and designed to shoot slightly above the point of aim. Skeet guns are usually lighter and faster handling with barrel length from 26 to 28 in (0.66 to 0.71 m) and with fairly open chokes. Sporting models most often come with an interchangeable choke facility and barrel lengths of 28 in (0.71 m), 30 in (0.76 m), and 32 in (0.81 m) according to preference.
- Semi-auto
- This is a single barreled gun that chambers a new shell from a magazine automatically after each shot, but which requires the shooter to press the trigger for each shot. This design combines reduced recoil and relatively low weight with quick follow up shots.
- Side-by-side
- (sometimes shortened to SS or SXS) Like the over and under, there are two barrels, however instead of being arranged in a vertical stack they are next to each other on a horizontal plane. Side-by-sides are harder to aim for new shooters, as the two barrels does not provide the same instinctive feedback as the single visible barrel of a semi-automatic or O/U. Modern production of SXS weapons is limited, in favor of O/U, and older weapons are usually not rated for steel shot, preventing their use on many shooting ranges.
- Pump-action
- This is a single barreled gun that reloads from a tubular or box magazine when the user slides a grip towards and then away from themselves. The pump-action format is popular with casual shooters in the US, but is far less common in Europe. The pump-action is inherently slower than all but the single barrel break action and thus follow up shots are more difficult. In addition to this, although their mechanical complexity is comparable to that of the semi-automatic they lack the latter's advantage of recoil reduction.
- Single-shot
- Most single shot shotguns are break action; they operate similarly to the over and under and the side-by-side except they have only one barrel and can hold only one shot. Some are very inexpensive, and they are the most popular type of gun in American Trap. Most other clay pigeon shooting disciplines require guns capable of holding two shells. The low weight of some single-shot guns result in excessive recoil which further diminishes their appeal for high volume clay shooting.
Cartridges[edit]
Shotgun cartridges are readily available in gun shops and at shooting grounds, and within limitations as to the shot size and the weight of the shot load are suitable for clay shooting at CPSA affiliated grounds and for use in events coming under CPSA rules. Though home loaded cartridges allow the user to customize the ballistic characteristics of their shells, they are generally not allowed at clay pigeon shooting events unless specified otherwise.
The instructions and specifications are printed on the boxes. For clay competition, shot size must not exceed 2.6 mm/English No. 6.[7] The shot load must be a maximum 28 g (0.99 oz) for all domestic disciplines; or 24 g (0.85 oz) for Olympic trap, Olympic skeet, and double trap; up to 28 g for FITASC sporting (from 2005); and 36 g (1.3 oz) for helice.[citation needed]
Lasers[edit]
Laser Clay Pigeon Shooting, also known as Laser Clay Shooting or even Laser Shooting, is a variation on the traditional sport of Clay Pigeon Shooting where the shotguns are disabled and fitted with laser equipment that can detect hits on specially modified reflective clays. Laser clay pigeon shooting offers a safe alternative for beginners.
The rules and disciplines are normally the same as the traditional sport using live weapons.
Game Pigeon Pool Tricks Miniclip
There are four principal pieces of equipment for a laser clay shooting setup: guns, launcher, scoreboard, and clays.[8]
A laser clay shooting gun at a laser clay shooting range.
Laser Clay Launcher/Trap
The activity can be done indoors or outdoors. Just like traditional clay shooting clays are released from a trap and the participants shoot at the flying disc. Unlike traditional clay shooting, multiple participants all shoot at the same disc. In most equipment the register of hits and misses is recorded electronically, and the sounds of the shotgun firing and the clay being hit are played from simulated sounds.
Although the activity is similar to traditional clay shooting it does use slightly different shooting principles, some of which are closer to target shooting.
References[edit]
- ^ abThe Encyclopædia of Sport & Games: Rackets - Zebra. 1912.
- ^Lowerson, John (1993). Sport and the English Middle Classes, 1870-1914. Manchester University Press. ISBN978-0-7190-4651-3.
- ^Parliament, New Zealand (1928). Parliamentary Debates. p. 33.
- ^'Electrocibles or helice shooting'. eiaweb.it. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
- ^'L'Italia dell'Elica sulla vetta d'Europa' (in Italian). armietiro.it. 10 June 2019. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
- ^'Helice ZZ'. fitasc.com. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
- ^CartridgesArchived 2009-02-06 at the Wayback Machine, Clay Pigeon Shooting Association rules.
- ^'What is Laser Clay Shooting? - Things to do in Reading'. Things to do in Reading. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
External links[edit]
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